Hello Andrew,
Thanks for pointing that out.  
I have looked at the Burger equation demo more and think I understand it better.
If you go to the following link you will see that there is a revised version of the code.  Now I solve the linear problem first, since that should be used as an initial guess.  Then I want to solve the Nonlinear Variational Problem.
https://github.com/francispoulin/firedrakeQG/blob/master/fofonoff_qg.py
Unfortunately, I haven't figured out how to get the syntax correct.  I'm only using a Function, with the guess an the variable to determine, and a Test Function.
Any advice would be greatly appreciated.
Cheers, Francis
------------------
Francis Poulin                    
Associate Professor
Department of Applied Mathematics
University of Waterloo
email:           fpoulin@uwaterloo.ca
Web:            https://uwaterloo.ca/poulin-research-group/
Telephone:  +1 519 888 4567 x32637
 
 
From: firedrake-bounces@imperial.ac.uk [firedrake-bounces@imperial.ac.uk] on behalf of Andrew McRae [A.T.T.McRae@bath.ac.uk]
Sent: Friday, December 09, 2016 4:49 PM
To: Firedrake Project
Subject: Re: [firedrake] Problems with NonlinearVariationalProblem
Hi Francis,
The residual should be linear in the Test Function, and TrialFunctions should not appear at all (a Function should be used instead).
Best,
Andrew